Hyderabad is a city, district and division in the Sindh province. Hyderabad is one
of the oldest cities of the sub-continent. The city is an administrative headquarters
lying on the most northern hill of the Ganjo Takkar ridge just east of the River
Indus. Before the creation of Pakistan, it was known as the Paris of India, for
its roads used to be washed with perfume every day.
Founded in 1768 on the site of the ancient town of Nirun-Kot by Ghulam Shah Kalhora,
the saintly ruler of Sindh, it was named after the prophet Mohammed's son-in-law,
Ali, also known as Haidar. It remained the capital of Sindh under the Talpur rulers
who succeeded the Kalhoras till 1843 when, after the nearby battles of Miani and
Dabo, it surrendered to the British (when Sir Charles James Napier conquered Sindh),
the capital was then transferred to Karachi.